Sua Pan (sowa)

Sua Pan (also called Sowa Pan) is one of the major salt pans in the Makgadikgadi salt pan system in northeastern Botswana. It is a vast, flat, mineral-rich depression that transforms dramatically between dry salt crust and seasonal wetlands.



Location

Country: Botswana

Region: Central District (Makgadikgadi Basin)

Nearby town: Sowa Town (Sua Pan settlement)

Part of: Makgadikgadi Pans system (alongside Ntwetwe Pan and Nxai Pan)

Landscape & Formation



Sua Pan is a huge endorheic salt basin, meaning water flows in but does not drain to the sea. Instead, it evaporates, leaving salt and mineral deposits.



Key Features:



Expansive white salt crust in dry season

Shallow seasonal water coverage in wet season

Extremely flat, reflective horizon (“mirror effect” after rains)

Mineral-rich soils containing soda ash and salt

Wildlife & Ecology



Although harsh for most of the year, Sua Pan becomes a major ecological hotspot in the wet season:



Thousands of flamingos (lesser and greater) breed here when conditions are right

Migratory waterbirds such as pelicans and storks

Zebra and wildebeest pass through during regional migrations

Predators like jackals and hyenas occasionally seen around edges



The pans are part of one of Africa’s largest zebra and wildebeest migration systems.



Sowa Town (Sua Town)



Adjacent to the pan is Sowa Town, a small industrial settlement built around:



Soda ash and salt mining operations

Processing plants extracting minerals from the pan

Worker housing and industrial infrastructure



The most important industry is the Botswana Soda Ash Company, which exploits the natural mineral deposits.



Tourism & Activities



Sua Pan is increasingly visited for:



Salt pan photography (especially after rain)

Flamingo viewing (seasonal)

Quad biking and overland expeditions across the pans

Stargazing (very dark skies)



Nearby tourism highlights include:



Makgadikgadi National Park

Nxai Pan National Park

Kubu Island (ancient granite island in the salt pan)

Best Time to Visit

Dry season (May–October): Vast white salt desert, dramatic landscapes

Wet season (November–March): Wildlife, flamingos, and temporary lagoons

Overall



Sua Pan is one of Botswana’s most striking landscapes—an ancient salt basin that shifts between desert-like emptiness and vibrant seasonal wetlands, combining industrial mineral use with extraordinary wildlife and surreal scenery.